How to Tell if the AC Is Leaking Refrigerant and Needs Repair
A refrigerant leak can quickly become a major issue for homeowners and businesses. It can lower cooling efficiency, drive up energy costs, damage the HVAC system, and even affect comfort. Common signs such as strange sounds from the AC, uneven cooling, or surprising increases in utility bills may point to a refrigerant leak. Identifying these early signs can prevent expensive repairs and safeguard indoor air quality. This guide explores the key indicators of refrigerant leaks and explains why taking quick action is vital for comfort, cost savings, and safety.
Frozen Evaporator Coils
Frost or ice on evaporator coils is often a red flag for a refrigerant leak. Typically, refrigerant flows through these coils at the perfect pressure and temperature, absorbing heat from the air. But when a leak causes refrigerant levels to drop, the remaining refrigerant expands too much, causing the coils to dip below freezing. This results in moisture freezing on the coils, creating troublesome ice buildup. If ice keeps forming, it’s time for professional help to keep the fridge running smoothly.
Ice buildup triggers a chain reaction that reduces efficiency. The layer of ice acts as an insulator, preventing the refrigerant from effectively absorbing heat. As a result, the AC system works harder to maintain the correct temperature, leading to higher energy consumption and an increased risk of compressor damage. Even after defrosting, persistent ice on the evaporator coils indicates a potential refrigerant leak that requires professional inspection. Addressing the issue promptly ensures the system runs smoothly and prevents further damage.
The AC Is Not Cooling Properly
A refrigerant leak in an air conditioner often results in reduced cooling performance. Refrigerant plays a crucial role in absorbing heat from indoor air and releasing it outside. When refrigerant levels drop below the manufacturer’s specifications, the system cannot efficiently complete the heat exchange process. As a result, warm air may blow from the vents despite a low thermostat setting, or the air may feel only mildly cool instead of properly chilled.
This inefficiency forces the air conditioning system to run longer to reach the desired temperature, leading to extended cooling cycles. The unit works harder to compensate for the reduced refrigerant levels, consuming more electricity and increasing energy bills, as the AC may operate up to 20–30% longer than necessary. Prolonged low refrigerant levels can also cause the evaporator coil to freeze and potentially damage the compressor, leading to costly repairs.
Unusual Sounds
Unusual sounds emanating from the air conditioning or refrigeration system can clearly indicate a refrigerant leak. When refrigerant escapes through a crack or hole in the system’s components, it creates distinctive noises as the pressurized gas forces its way out. The most common sound is a high-pitched hissing or whistling, similar to air escaping from a balloon, which occurs when refrigerant leaks from a smaller opening in the system’s tubing or connections.
In cases where the leak is more significant or occurs near the evaporator coil, bubbling or gurgling sounds may be heard. These noises happen because the refrigerant changes state between liquid and gas as it escapes, creating turbulence in the system. Additionally, suppose the leak is submerged in oil or occurs in a location where condensation has collected. In that case, the escaping refrigerant can create a bubbling effect through these liquids. Any such unusual sounds should be investigated promptly by a qualified HVAC technician, as refrigerant leaks compromise system performance.
About Clemmer Services
With over 20 years of experience, Clemmer Services has been the trusted HVAC and plumbing solutions provider in Santa Clarita, CA. Committed to delivering high-quality plumbing services and energy-efficient HVAC systems, they ensure homeowners enjoy the comfort they deserve. For reliable refrigerant leak repair services in Santa Clarita, CA, contact Clemmer Services today.